{"id":40,"date":"2024-10-14T07:01:19","date_gmt":"2024-10-14T07:01:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/infmix.ro\/a6a\/?page_id=40"},"modified":"2024-10-14T07:31:38","modified_gmt":"2024-10-14T07:31:38","slug":"m1-l3-memoria-reprezentarea-datelor-in-memorie","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/infmix.ro\/a6a\/m1\/m1-l3-memoria-reprezentarea-datelor-in-memorie\/","title":{"rendered":"M1 L3 Memoria"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Memoria calculatoarelor are dou\u0103 caracteristici principale:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Laten\u021ba<\/strong> \u2013 timpul necesar pentru acces la date care trebuie s\u0103 fie c\u00e2t mai mic.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Rata de transfer<\/strong> \u2013 cantitatea de date accesat\u0103 \u00een unitatea de timp care trebuie s\u0103 fie c\u00e2t mai mare.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    C\u00e2nd spunem c\u0103 memoria este rapid\u0103 \u00een\u021belegem c\u0103 are o laten\u021b\u0103 foarte mic\u0103 \u0219i o rat\u0103 de transfer foarte mare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Tipuri de memorie intern\u0103<\/strong> \u2013 memorie f\u0103r\u0103 de care sistemul de calcul nu poate func\u021biona:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    1. Memoria CACHE.<\/strong> Se afl\u0103 \u00een procesor \u0219i este o interfa\u021b\u0103 dintre procesor \u0219i magistrala de date. P\u0103streaz\u0103 \u00een ea datele cel mai des accesate. Mai multe despre CACHE aici: https:\/\/www.pchouse.ro\/blog\/ce-este-memoria-cache-a-procesorului\/<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n
    2. R.O.M. \u2013 READ ONLY MEMORY<\/strong> \u2013 Se afl\u0103 pe placa de baz\u0103 \u0219i p\u0103streaz\u0103 \u00een ea set\u0103ri referitoare la componentele fizice ale sistemului de calcul precum \u0219i data \u0219i ora sistemului. Software-ul memoriei R.O.M se nume\u0219te B.I.O.S. \u2013 BASE INPUT OUTPUT SISTEMS \u2013 \u0219i ea este alimentat\u0103 de o baterie de pe placa de baz\u0103 ce \u00eei permite s\u0103 p\u0103streze datele atunci c\u00e2nd sistemul de calcul este scos din priz\u0103.  Observa\u021bie: La telefoanele inteligente memoria R.O.M. este memoria principal\u0103 \u00een care se p\u0103streaz\u0103 toate datele interne inclusiv sistemul de operare. Mai multe despre ROM \u2013 BIOS aici: https:\/\/ro.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BIOS<\/a> \"UEFI\"<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    3. R.A.M. \u2013 RANDOM ACCES MEMORY <\/strong>\u2013 memoria cu acces aleator este memoria de lucru propriu zis\u0103 a sistemului. Ea func\u021bioneaz\u0103 numai atunci c\u00e2nd sistemul de calcul se afl\u0103 \u00een func\u021biune. C\u00e2nd oprim sistemul de calcul datele din R.A.M. se salveaz\u0103 pe suporturi de memorie extern\u0103 sau se pierd.  <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/RSigQ2zboQ0?feature=oembed Video 1 Despre memoria RAM<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Tipuri de memorie extern\u0103<\/strong> \u2013 memorie care poate fi deconectat\u0103 de la sistemul de calcul uneori chiar \u00een timpul func\u021bion\u0103rii acestuia \u0219i conectat\u0103 la alt calculator:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      1. H.D.D. \u2013 HARD DISK DRIVE<\/strong> \u2013 are laten\u021b\u0103 mare \u0219i rat\u0103 de transfer mic\u0103 adic\u0103 este cea mai lent\u0103 memorie dar se folose\u0219te pentru c\u0103 are cea mai mare capacitate de stocare din sistem.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      2. S.S.D. \u2013 SOLID STATE DRIVE<\/strong> \u2013 este mult mai rapid dec\u00e2t hard diskul \u0219i-l \u00eenlocuie\u0219te mai ales \u00een dispozitivele mobile cum ar fi telefoane inteligente \u0219i tablete (unde este R.O.M), laptop-uri, \u0219i P.C.-uri unde avem nevoie de acces rapid la date.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      3. STICK \u2013 FLASH MEMORY DRIVE<\/strong> \u2013 are aceea\u0219i tehnologie ca S.S.D -ul dar se conecteaz\u0103 din exteriorul sistemului de calcul la interfa\u021ba U.S.B. \u2013 UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS. \"flash\"<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

        \u00cen video 2 de mai jos se explic\u0103 foarte clar diferen\u021ba dintre H.D.D. \u0219i S.S.D. Ceea ce nu se spune este c\u0103 S.S.D. ul ca \u0219i stick-ul flash memory drive nu poate fi scris de mai mult de 1000 de ori \u00een acela\u0219i loc pe c\u00e2nd H.D.D.-ul poate func\u021biona \u00een medie peste 2,5 milioane de ore dac\u0103 nu este supus la \u0219ocuri mecanice. De-asemenea \u00een video 2 de mai jos nu se vorbe\u0219te de laten\u021b\u0103 care este \u00eenlocuit\u0103 direct cu timpul de acces\u2026 la date.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/j5H7tkiFWgk?feature=oembed Video 2 Care sunt diferen\u021bele \u00eentre HDD \u0219i SSD<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Dup\u0103 cum vede\u021bi \u00een figura 1 de mai jos H.D.D. (HARD DISK-UL) are capacitatea cea mai mare dar este cea mai lent\u0103 component\u0103 de memorie av\u00e2nd \u0219i laten\u021ba mare. Acesta este motivul pentru care \u00een sistemele de calcul mobile cum ar fi telefoane, tablete, laptop \u0219i chiar la computerele desktop hard disk-ul a fost \u00eenlocuit de S.S.D. (Solid State Drive) care este mai rapid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \"\"
        Figura 1 Laten\u021ba \u0219i rata de transfer a memoriei.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

        Viteza memoriei cre\u0219te cu rata de transfer \u0219i scade cu m\u0103rirea capacit\u0103\u021bii de stocare. \u0218i invers viteza memoriei scade c\u00e2nd cre\u0219te laten\u021ba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Atunci c\u00e2nd sistemul de calcul este pornit, prima este alimentat\u0103 memoria R.O.M. care verific\u0103 \u00een B.I.O.S. existen\u021ba \u0219i caracteristicile tuturor componentelor fizice conectate pe placa de baz\u0103 \u0219i apoi d\u0103 controlul sistemului de operare care se \u00eencarc\u0103 \u00een R.A.M. Atunci c\u00e2nd sistemul de calcul se opre\u0219te corect datele \u0219i informa\u021biile din R.A.M. se salveaz\u0103 pe suporturi de memorie extern\u0103 altfel aceste date se pierd. <\/p>\n\n\n

        [ays_quiz id=’4′]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Memoria calculatoarelor are dou\u0103 caracteristici principale: C\u00e2nd spunem c\u0103 memoria este rapid\u0103 \u00een\u021belegem c\u0103 are o laten\u021b\u0103 foarte mic\u0103 \u0219i o rat\u0103 de transfer foarte mare. Tipuri de memorie intern\u0103 \u2013 memorie f\u0103r\u0103 de care sistemul de calcul nu poate func\u021biona: https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/RSigQ2zboQ0?feature=oembed Video 1 Despre memoria RAM Tipuri de memorie extern\u0103 \u2013 memorie care poate […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":12,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_FSMCFIC_featured_image_caption":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_nocaption":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_hide":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-40","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nM1 L3 Memoria - Clasa a VI-a InfMix<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/infmix.ro\/a6a\/m1\/m1-l3-memoria-reprezentarea-datelor-in-memorie\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"M1 L3 Memoria - Clasa a VI-a InfMix\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Memoria calculatoarelor are dou\u0103 caracteristici principale: C\u00e2nd spunem c\u0103 memoria este rapid\u0103 \u00een\u021belegem c\u0103 are o laten\u021b\u0103 foarte mic\u0103 \u0219i o rat\u0103 de transfer foarte mare. 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